Enhance action of GABA → CNS depression (see barbiturate overdose).Physostigmine (crosses blood brain barrier).Anticholinergic excess → anticholinergic syndrome.Pralidoxime ( 2-PAM) : treats neuromuscular dysfunctionĪntimuscarinic/ anticholinergic agents (e.g., atropine, medications with anticholinergic effects, jimson weed, deadly nightshade).Cholinergic excess → cholinergic syndrome with muscarinic effects ( DUMBBELLSS), nicotinic effects (flaccid paralys is, respiratory arrest), and CNS effects ( seizure, coma).Benzodiazepines: sedation and control of seizuresĪcetylcholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphates (e.g., parathion, E605).
The focus of this article is poisoning from organophosphates, cyanide, ethylene glycol and methanol, laundry and cleaning products, mushrooms and plants, and carbon dioxide. Substances that are commonly thought to be harmless, such as water and most vitamins, can also be harmful if taken in excess.
The type of poison, the amount taken, and the size and age of the individual involved are all factors that determine if a substance is actually harmful.
Poisoning occurs when a substance that is inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin has harmful effects or even causes death.
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